du
Estimate disk usage by file and directory to find what is filling a Linux VPS (uploads, caches, backups, and logs).
df
Report free and used space (and inode usage) on mounted filesystems to prevent WordPress VPS outages from full disks.
lsblk
List disks, partitions, filesystems, and mount points so you can map WordPress paths to the underlying storage device.
blkid
Show filesystem UUIDs, labels, and types so you can mount disks reliably and configure /etc/fstab on a Linux VPS.
findmnt
Find and display mount points for paths and devices so you can verify where WordPress data and backups are mounted.
mount
Attach a filesystem to a directory (mount point) so WordPress data and backups land on the intended disk.
umount
Unmount filesystems safely so you can detach backup volumes or fix stuck mounts without corrupting data.
free
Show RAM and swap usage so you can detect memory pressure that slows down or crashes WordPress services.
vmstat
Show CPU, memory, swap, and I/O activity so you can diagnose resource contention on a WordPress VPS.
top
Monitor CPU, memory, and running processes in real time to pinpoint what is slowing down a WordPress VPS.
uptime
Show system uptime and load averages to quickly assess whether a WordPress VPS is overloaded.
mpstat
Show per-CPU utilization so you can detect CPU saturation patterns that impact WordPress performance.
sar
Review historical CPU, memory, disk, and network statistics so you can troubleshoot WordPress performance issues over time.
iostat
Measure disk I/O utilization and latency to diagnose WordPress slowness caused by storage bottlenecks.